ABSTRACT
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis [T.vaginalis] and Neisseria gonorrhoeae [N.gonorrhoeae] are two most common non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the world. No data are available regarding the epidemiology of genital infections in women of Qom, central Iran
Objective: Epidemiological investigation of sexually transmitted infections in genital specimens of women referred to the referral gynecology hospital in Qom, central Iran
Materials and Methods: Genital swab specimens were collected from women volunteers and used for identification of bacterial and protozoal infections by conventional microbial diagnostics, porA pseudo gene LightCycler[registered sign] real-time PCR [for N.gonorrhoeae] and ITS-PCR [for T.vaginalis]
Results: Of 420 volunteers, 277 [65.9%] had genital signs/symptoms, including 38.3% malodorous discharge, 37.9% dyspareunia, and 54.8% abdominal pain. Totally, 2 isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae were identified. Five specimens [1.2%] in Thayer-Martin culture and 17 [4.1%] in real-time PCR were identified as N.gonorrhoeae. Fifty-four specimens [12.9%] in wet mount, 64 [15.2%] in Dorset's culture, and 81 [19.3%] in ITS-PCR showed positive results for T.vaginalis. Five mixed infections of T.vaginalis+ N.gonorrhoeae were found. The risk of T.vaginalis infection was increased in women with low-birth-weight [p=0.00; OR=43.29], history of abortion [p=0.00; OR=91.84], and premature rupture of membranes [PROM] [p=0.00; OR=21.75]. The probability of finding nuclear leukocytes [p=0.00; OR=43.34] in vaginal smear was higher in T.vaginalis infection
Conclusion: The significant prevalence of trichomoniasis and gonorrhea emphasizes the need for accurate diagnosis and effective surveillance to prevent serious reproductive complications in women
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was conducted with the aim to investigate and compare Iranian produced and foreign oxytocin for use in induction of labor
Materials and methods: This random clinical trial was conducted on a population of 198 pregnant women with live fetus and cephalic presentation and conditions conducive to induction of labor, monitored by obstetricians and gynecologists. They were randomly divided into group A [n = 99] received 10 units of Syntocinon [Novartis Pharma Canada] in 500 cc Ringer lactate, and group B [n = 99] received 10 units of Oxytip [Caspian Tamin Company Iran] in 500 cc serum, who entered the study to commence induction, by signing written consent. Study variables such as induction indications [post-term, ruptured membranes, diabetes, and..], induction duration, duration of the 1[st] and the 2[nd] stages of labor, and delivery method; as well as labor outcomes like hyper-stimulation of uterine, postpartum bleeding, 5-minute Apgar score, and infant's birth weight; and neonatal outcomes [admission to NICU, oxygen and intubation] were assessed for the two groups by a trained midwife and registered in the patient's questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using statistical tests: t-test, Chi-square, and Mann-Whitney
Results: Two groups were similar in demographic variables such as; age, BMI, parity, education. There was no significant difference regarding to obstetric and gynecologic characteristics such as: gestational age, dilatation, effacement, and fetal positioning, as well as the indication for labor induction when the study began. After intervention, variables including: induction duration, duration of the 1[st] and the 2[nd] stages of labor, delivery method; and labor outcomes such as: hyper-stimulation of uterine, postpartum bleeding, 5-minute Apgar score, and infant's birth weight; and neonatal outcomes [admission to NICU, oxygen and intubation], in the two groups, were found to be the same [P < 0.05]. Mean oxytip dosage needed was less than that of oxytocin to reach for appropriate pain [P = 0.042]
Conclusion: The two drugs in terms of labor induction and neonatal complications had similar outcomes and the locally made drug with a lower dosage appears to produce the desired outcome
ABSTRACT
Obejective [s]: infertile couples receiving IVF / ICSI treatment may be at higher risk of developing psychological or health-related problems. Identification of these groups at risk may enable better allocation for appropriate counseling
Methods: a total of 1028 [516 women and 512 men] were invited to complete health survey short form [SF-36] questionnaire prior to initiating IVF / ICSI treatment in Vali.e.Asr hospital and Rooyan infertility center.The patient's demographic and clinical characteristics were also recorded
Results: male SF-36 scores were higher than those reported by women. Quality of life increased with advancing age, level of education, economic status, in working women and infertality due to male factor
Conclusion: Infertile couples are at risk of a sub- optimal quality of life. Psychological counselling, especially support psychotherapy, must be regarded for patients in order to increase their quality of life
ABSTRACT
The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of coping strategies, personality trait and social support as the main social and psychological factors on infertility stress. This study was conducted on 201 infertile Iranian women referred to the Vali-e-Asr Reproductive health Research Center, and completed the following questionnaires: The fertility problem inventory, measuring perceived infertility related stress [Newton CR, 1999], big five factor personality questionnaire [Farahani, 2009], multidimensional scale of perceived social support MSPS [Zimmet 1988], and multidimensional assessment of coping [Endler, 1990].The results were then analyzed using the Pearson Correlation and stepwise regression. Infertility stress has negative and significant relation with emotion-oriented coping method, perceived social support and bring extrovert. It has a positive, significant relation with emotion-oriented coping method, obsessive compulsive disorder [OCD]. The results of the stepwise regression showed that emotion-oriented coping method, OCD and being extrovert are suitable predictors of infertility stress. About 22% of the infertility stress variance was explained by coping strategies and personality trait. Therefore our result demonstrates the importance of social and psychological factors on experiencing the infertility stress
ABSTRACT
The differential efficacy between long GnRH agonist with antagonist can partly be due to the preexisting differences in the early antral follicles before ovarian stimulation. To compare the effect of pretreatment by estradiol with GnRH antagonist on antral follicular size coordination and basal hormone levels in GNRH antagonist protocol. On cycle day 3 [control/day 3], women underwent measurements of early antral follicles by ultrasound and serum FSH and ovarian hormones then were randomized to receive oral estradiol 4mg/day [n=15] or 3mg cetrorelix acetate [n=15] in luteal phase before subsequent antagonist protocol. Participants were re-evaluated as on control/day 3. There was a significant reduction of mean follicular sizes in each group after medical intervention [7.63 +/- 2.11 Vs. 4.30 +/- 0.92 in group A and 8.73 +/- 1.96 Vs. 4.13 +/- 1.11 in group B] [p=0.0001]. The magnitude of follicular size reduction was significantly higher in group B [-4.60 +/- 2.04 Vs. -3.33 +/- 2.28] [0.027]. There was a non significant attenuation of follicular size discrepancies in two groups. FSH and inhibin B levels in the day 3 of the next cycle in both groups were significantly decreased but did not have significant difference between two groups. Both luteal E2 and premenstrual GnRH antagonist administration reduces the follicular sizes significantly and GnRH antagonist acts more potently than E2 in this way but attenuation of follicular size discrepancies in both treatment is not significant
ABSTRACT
General concern is that the pregnancy rate is higher with GnRH-agonist as a protocol of pituitary suppression. GnRH-antagonist protocol provides a shorter period of administration and an easy flexible protocol. In this study, the outcomes of GnRH agonist and antagonist in ICSI cycles are compared in normo responder patients. In this randomized clinical trial, 300 normoresponders undergoing ICSI were randomly divided to GnRh agonist [n=150] and GnRh antagonist [n=150] groups. The main outcome measurements were chemical, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates [PR]. The mean duration of stimulation were 9.6 +/- 1.6 and 8.2 +/- 1.6 days in agonist and antagonist groups respectively [p=0.001]. The mean number of MII oocyte retrieved in agonist and antagonist groups were 7.7 +/- 4.0 and 6.9 +/- 4.3 respectively [p=0.03]. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding mean number of gonadotrophin ampoules, follicles, occytes, total embryos and good quality embryos, OHSS incidence, and abortion rate. Chemical pregnancy rate was 35.3% in agonist and 39.3% in antagonist group. Clinical pregnancy rate was 35.3% in agonist and 34% in antagonist group. Ongoing pregnancy rate was 45 [31.3%] in agonist and 44 [29.3%] in antagonist group. There was no significant difference between two groups in pregnancy rates. In this study antagonist protocol was shown to be an easy, safe and friendly protocol in Iranian normoresponder patients, having similar outcomes with standard agonist protocol but shorter period of stimulation